CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction of human genetic disease

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SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences, Volume 60, Issue 5: 447-457(2017) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-017-9032-4

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction of human genetic disease

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  • ReceivedFeb 12, 2017
  • AcceptedMar 5, 2017
  • PublishedMay 3, 2017

Abstract

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein 9 system (CRISPR/Cas9) provides a powerful tool for targeted genetic editing. Directed by programmable sequence-specific RNAs, this system introduces cleavage and double-stranded breaks at target sites precisely. Compared to previously developed targeted nucleases, the CRISPR/Cas9 system demonstrates several promising advantages, including simplicity, high specificity, and efficiency. Several broad genome-editing studies with the CRISPR/Cas9 system in different species in vivo and ex vivo have indicated its strong potential, raising hopes for therapeutic genome editing in clinical settings. Taking advantage of non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homology directed repair (HDR)-mediated DNA repair, several studies have recently reported the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to successfully correct disease-causing alleles ranging from single base mutations to large insertions. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent preclinical studies involving the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction of human genetic diseases.


Funded by

National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0201402)

Key Technologies R & D program of Sichuan Province(2015FZ0040)

National Natural Science Foundation(NSFC81502677)


Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC81502677, NSFC81602699, NSFC81123003), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0201402), and the Key Technologies R & D program of Sichuan Province (2015FZ0040).


Interest statement

The author(s) declare that they have no conflict of interest.


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