Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. QYZDB-SSW-SLH008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11474338, and 11674374), and the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2015CB921000, and 2016YFA0300301).

References

[1] Potyrailo R., Rajan K., Stoewe K., Takeuchi I., Chisholm B., Lam H.. ACS Comb. Sci., 2011, 13: 579 CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Potyrailo R.&author=Rajan K.&author=Stoewe K.&author=Takeuchi I.&author=Chisholm B.&author=Lam H.&publication_year=2011&journal=ACS Comb. Sci.&volume=13&pages=579

[2] Takeuchi I., Famodu O. O., Read J. C., Aronova M. A., Chang K. S., Craciunescu C., Lofland S. E., Wuttig M., Wellstood F. C., Knauss L., Orozco A.. Nat. Mater., 2003, 2: 180 CrossRef PubMed ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Takeuchi I.&author=Famodu O. O.&author=Read J. C.&author=Aronova M. A.&author=Chang K. S.&author=Craciunescu C.&author=Lofland S. E.&author=Wuttig M.&author=Wellstood F. C.&author=Knauss L.&author=Orozco A.&publication_year=2003&journal=Nat. Mater.&volume=2&pages=180

[3] Hanak J. J.. J. Mater. Sci., 1970, 5: 964 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Hanak J. J.&publication_year=1970&journal=J. Mater. Sci.&volume=5&pages=964

[4] Xiang X. D., Sun X., Brice?o G., Lou Y., Wang K. A., Chang H., Wallace-Freedman W. G., Chen S. W., Schultz P. G.. Science, 1995, 268: 1738 CrossRef PubMed ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Xiang X. D.&author=Sun X.&author=Brice?o G.&author=Lou Y.&author=Wang K. A.&author=Chang H.&author=Wallace-Freedman W. G.&author=Chen S. W.&author=Schultz P. G.&publication_year=1995&journal=Science&volume=268&pages=1738

[5] Webster D. C., Chisholm B. J., Stafslien S. J.. Biofouling, 2007, 23: 179 CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Webster D. C.&author=Chisholm B. J.&author=Stafslien S. J.&publication_year=2007&journal=Biofouling&volume=23&pages=179

[6] Green M. L., Takeuchi I., Hattrick-Simpers J. R.. J. Appl. Phys., 2013, 113: 231101 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Green M. L.&author=Takeuchi I.&author=Hattrick-Simpers J. R.&publication_year=2013&journal=J. Appl. Phys.&volume=113&pages=231101

[7] Borodin O., Olguin M., Spear C. E., Leiter K. W., Knap J.. Nanotechnology, 2015, 26: 354003 CrossRef PubMed ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Borodin O.&author=Olguin M.&author=Spear C. E.&author=Leiter K. W.&author=Knap J.&publication_year=2015&journal=Nanotechnology&volume=26&pages=354003

[8] van Dover R. B., Schneemeyer L. F., Fleming R. M.. Nature, 1998, 392: 162 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=van Dover R. B.&author=Schneemeyer L. F.&author=Fleming R. M.&publication_year=1998&journal=Nature&volume=392&pages=162

[9] Xiang X. D.. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1999, 29: 149 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Xiang X. D.&publication_year=1999&journal=Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci.&volume=29&pages=149

[10] Lederman D., Vier D. C., Mendoza D., Santamaría J., Schultz S., Schuller I. K.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1995, 66: 3677 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Lederman D.&author=Vier D. C.&author=Mendoza D.&author=Santamaría J.&author=Schultz S.&author=Schuller I. K.&publication_year=1995&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=66&pages=3677

[11] Koinuma H., Aiyer H. N., Matsumoto Y.. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 2000, 1: 1 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Koinuma H.&author=Aiyer H. N.&author=Matsumoto Y.&publication_year=2000&journal=Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater.&volume=1&pages=1

[12] Chang K. S., Aronova M. A., Lin C. L., Murakami M., Yu M. H., Hattrick-Simpers J., Famodu O. O., Lee S. Y., Ramesh R., Wuttig M., Takeuchi I., Gao C., Bendersky L. A.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2004, 84: 3091 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Chang K. S.&author=Aronova M. A.&author=Lin C. L.&author=Murakami M.&author=Yu M. H.&author=Hattrick-Simpers J.&author=Famodu O. O.&author=Lee S. Y.&author=Ramesh R.&author=Wuttig M.&author=Takeuchi I.&author=Gao C.&author=Bendersky L. A.&publication_year=2004&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=84&pages=3091

[13] Gao C., Hu B., Li X., Liu C., Murakami M., Chang K. S., Long C. J., Wuttig M., Takeuchi I.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2005, 87: 153505 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Gao C.&author=Hu B.&author=Li X.&author=Liu C.&author=Murakami M.&author=Chang K. S.&author=Long C. J.&author=Wuttig M.&author=Takeuchi I.&publication_year=2005&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=87&pages=153505

[14] Gao C., Hu B., Zhang P., Huang M., Liu W., Takeuchi I.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2004, 84: 4647 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Gao C.&author=Hu B.&author=Zhang P.&author=Huang M.&author=Liu W.&author=Takeuchi I.&publication_year=2004&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=84&pages=4647

[15] Ahmet P., Yoo Y. Z., Hasegawa K., Koinuma H., Chikyow T.. Appl. Phys. A, 2004, 79: 837 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Ahmet P.&author=Yoo Y. Z.&author=Hasegawa K.&author=Koinuma H.&author=Chikyow T.&publication_year=2004&journal=Appl. Phys. A&volume=79&pages=837

[16] Murakami M., Chang K. S., Aronova M. A., Lin C. L., Yu M. H., Simpers J. H., Wuttig M., Takeuchi I., Gao C., Hu B., Lofland S. E., Knauss L. A., Bendersky L. A.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2005, 87: 112901 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Murakami M.&author=Chang K. S.&author=Aronova M. A.&author=Lin C. L.&author=Yu M. H.&author=Simpers J. H.&author=Wuttig M.&author=Takeuchi I.&author=Gao C.&author=Hu B.&author=Lofland S. E.&author=Knauss L. A.&author=Bendersky L. A.&publication_year=2005&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=87&pages=112901

[17] Barber Z. H., Blamire M. G.. Mater. Sci. Tech., 2008, 24: 757 CrossRef Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Barber Z. H.&author=Blamire M. G.&publication_year=2008&journal=Mater. Sci. Tech.&volume=24&pages=757

[18] R. Cremer, and D. Neuschutz, in Development of functional materials by a composition spread approach: Proceedings of the Symposium on Combinatorial and Artificial Intelligence Methods in Materials Science held at the 2001 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, USA, 26-29 November 2001, edited by I. Takeuchi, J. M. Newsam, L. T. Wille, H. Koinuma, and E. J. Amis (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, 2002), pp. 75-84. Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=R. Cremer, and D. Neuschutz, in Development of functional materials by a composition spread approach: Proceedings of the Symposium on Combinatorial and Artificial Intelligence Methods in Materials Science held at the 2001 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, USA, 26-29 November 2001, edited by I. Takeuchi, J. M. Newsam, L. T. Wille, H. Koinuma, and E. J. Amis (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, 2002), pp. 75-84&

[19] Fukumura T., Ohtani M., Kawasaki M., Okimoto Y., Kageyama T., Koida T., Hasegawa T., Tokura Y., Koinuma H.. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2000, 77: 3426 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Fukumura T.&author=Ohtani M.&author=Kawasaki M.&author=Okimoto Y.&author=Kageyama T.&author=Koida T.&author=Hasegawa T.&author=Tokura Y.&author=Koinuma H.&publication_year=2000&journal=Appl. Phys. Lett.&volume=77&pages=3426

[20] Huang H. C., Huang D. D., Chen J.. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2000, 39: 485 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Huang H. C.&author=Huang D. D.&author=Chen J.&publication_year=2000&journal=Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.&volume=39&pages=485

[21] Sawa A., Kawasaki M., Takagi H., Tokura Y.. Phys. Rev. B, 2002, 66: 014531 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Sawa A.&author=Kawasaki M.&author=Takagi H.&author=Tokura Y.&publication_year=2002&journal=Phys. Rev. B&volume=66&pages=014531

[22] Jin K., Butch N. P., Kirshenbaum K., Paglione J., Greene R. L.. Nature, 2011, 476: 73 CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Jin K.&author=Butch N. P.&author=Kirshenbaum K.&author=Paglione J.&author=Greene R. L.&publication_year=2011&journal=Nature&volume=476&pages=73

[23] Morrow T., Sakeek H. F., El Astal A., Graham W. G., Walmsley D. G.. J. Supercond, 1994, 7: 823 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Morrow T.&author=Sakeek H. F.&author=El Astal A.&author=Graham W. G.&author=Walmsley D. G.&publication_year=1994&journal=J. Supercond&volume=7&pages=823

[24] Christen H. M., Silliman S. D., Harshavardhan K. S.. Rev. Sci. Inst., 2001, 72: 2673 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Christen H. M.&author=Silliman S. D.&author=Harshavardhan K. S.&publication_year=2001&journal=Rev. Sci. Inst.&volume=72&pages=2673

[25] Marcu A., Grigoriu C., Yatsui K.. Appl. Surface Sci., 2005, 248: 466 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Marcu A.&author=Grigoriu C.&author=Yatsui K.&publication_year=2005&journal=Appl. Surface Sci.&volume=248&pages=466

[26] M. Tachiki, E. Morita, K. Yamada, X. Fang, and T. Kobayashi, in Advanced pulsed laser deposition method (eclipse angel): Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Thin Film Physics and Applications, Shanghai, China, 15-17 April, 1997, edited by S. X. Zhou, Y. L. Wang, Y. X. Chen, and S. Z. Mao (SPIE, 1998), pp. 341-357. Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=M. Tachiki, E. Morita, K. Yamada, X. Fang, and T. Kobayashi, in Advanced pulsed laser deposition method (eclipse angel): Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Thin Film Physics and Applications, Shanghai, China, 15-17 April, 1997, edited by S. X. Zhou, Y. L. Wang, Y. X. Chen, and S. Z. Mao (SPIE, 1998), pp. 341-357&

[27] Wu J., Bo?ovi? I.. APL Mater., 2015, 3: 062401 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Wu J.&author=Bo?ovi? I.&publication_year=2015&journal=APL Mater.&volume=3&pages=062401

[28] Zhang X., Yu H., He G., Hu W., Yuan J., Zhu B., Jin K.. Phys. C-Supercond. Its Appl., 2016, 525-526: 18 CrossRef ADS arXiv Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Zhang X.&author=Yu H.&author=He G.&author=Hu W.&author=Yuan J.&author=Zhu B.&author=Jin K.&publication_year=2016&journal=Phys. C-Supercond. Its Appl.&volume=525-526&pages=18

[29] Wu J., Bollinger A. T., Sun Y., Bo?ovi? I.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2016, 113: 4284 CrossRef PubMed ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Wu J.&author=Bollinger A. T.&author=Sun Y.&author=Bo?ovi? I.&publication_year=2016&journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA&volume=113&pages=4284

[30] Keimer B., Kivelson S. A., Norman M. R., Uchida S., Zaanen J.. Nature, 2015, 518: 179 CrossRef PubMed ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Keimer B.&author=Kivelson S. A.&author=Norman M. R.&author=Uchida S.&author=Zaanen J.&publication_year=2015&journal=Nature&volume=518&pages=179

[31] Yuan J., He G., Yang H., Shi Y. J., Zhu B. Y., Jin K.. Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron., 2015, 58: 107401 CrossRef ADS Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=Yuan J.&author=He G.&author=Yang H.&author=Shi Y. J.&author=Zhu B. Y.&author=Jin K.&publication_year=2015&journal=Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron.&volume=58&pages=107401