Flexible electronics, compared with conventional rigid electronics, have opened up a wide range of applications in wearable devices due to their flexibility and stretchability. However, flexible electronics as the ingenious combination of inorganic brittle electronics and soft elastic substrates are based mainly on two dimensional flat layouts, which limit their further applications. Shape memory polymers, as a class of smart materials are capable of fixing temporary programmed shapes and recovering to their permanent shape upon external stimulations. Their controllable shape changing properties and tunable moduli make them show unique benefits in the field of electronics. The use of shape memory polymers in flexible electronics allows the fabrication of deployable three-dimensional devices and more flexible and controllable device manufacturing typically as transfer printing. Transfer printing, in the field of electronics, is a kind of techniques for selective assembly of micro and nano electronic devices into spatial and functional arrangements. Therefore, shape memory polymers for flexible electronics can either be the flexible substrates for electronics or be the controllable stamps for transfer printing of electronic devices. This paper reviews the recent progress on using shape memory polymers as versatile substrates for flexible electronics and the stamps for transfer printing. Finally, the prospects for their future applications in this important field are described.
国家千人计划项目和985项目启动基金资助项目
国家自然科学基金(21474084)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB351900)
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图1
(网络版彩图)单向的双重形状记忆聚合物分子机理
图2
(网络版彩图)SMP示意图. (a) 三重SMP示意图
图3
无机器件按力学结构设计固定在柔性基体材料上
图4
(网络版彩图)(a) 将OTFTs封装在聚酰亚胺基体中的结构示意图; (b) 将OTFTs卷曲, 弯曲半径达到300 μm; (c) 将OTFTs制备在SMP上, 获得螺旋状, 在拉伸50%后性能不变
图5
(a) 在聚丙烯酸基体上制备AgNW电极流程示意图; (b) 发光二极管在弯曲半径为2.5 mm的一次形状记忆循环过程示意图
图6
(网络版彩图) (a) 初始平面的OTFT在小鼠伤口表面; (b) 24 h后OTFT在小鼠伤口表面
图7
(网络版彩图)微光学器件的光学显微镜图. 在变形的微棱镜阵列下黏附3×3的透明ITO加热器阵列, 通过ITO加热, 从左到右中间一列逐步从透明到不透明转变
图8
(网络版彩图)转印的三种方法
图9
(网络版彩图)自剥离可逆干胶结构示意图. (a) 壁虎分离的过程; (b) SPRA分离过程
图10
(网络版彩图)利用表面微结构弹性体作为转印图章的过程示意图
图11
可逆干胶表面形貌SEM图
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