Mode and modulation characteristics for microsquare lasers with a vertex output waveguide

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SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
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SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, Volume 58, Issue 11: 114205(2015) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-015-5700-9

Mode and modulation characteristics for microsquare lasers with a vertex output waveguide

Heng LONG, YongZhen HUANG, YueDe YANG, LingXiu ZOU, JinLong XIAO, ZhiXiong XIAO
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  • ReceivedMay 4, 2015
  • AcceptedMay 22, 2015
  • PublishedSep 25, 2015
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Abstract

The mode and high-speed modulation characteristics are investigated for a microsquare laser with a side length of 16 mm and a 2-mm-wide output waveguide connected to one vertex. The longitudinal and transverse mode characteristics are analyzed by numerical simulation and light ray model, and compared with the lasing spectra for the microsquare laser. Up to the fifth transverse mode is observed clearly from the lasing spectra. Single mode operation with the side mode suppression ratio of 41 dB is realized at the injection current of 24 mA, and the maximum output power of 0.53 (0.18) mW coupled into the multiple (single) mode fiber is obtained at the current of 35 mA, for the microsquare laser at the temperature of 288 K. Furthermore, a flat small-signal modulation response is reached with the 3-dB bandwidth of 16.2 GHz and the resonant peak of 3.6 dB at the bias current of 34 mA. The K-factor of 0.22 ns is obtained by fitting the damping factor versus the resonant frequency, which implies a maximum intrinsic 3-dB bandwidth of 40 GHz.


Funded by

National Nature Science Foundation of China(61235004)


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    Figure 1

    (a) 3D and (b) 2D schematic diagrams of an AlGaInAs/InP microsquare resonator with an output waveguide connected to one vertex, and (c) TE mode intensity spectrum for a = 16 μm and w = 2 μm.

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    Figure 2

    (Color online) Mode field patterns H z for (a) TEo,(45,47) and (b) TEe,(46,47) in the microsquare resonator with a = 16 μm, w = 2 μm. The field distributions in the output waveguide side are magnified by 5 times.

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    Figure 3

    (Color online) Mode Q factors (solid symbols) and waveguide coupling efficiencies η c (open symbols) versus the output waveguide width w for TEo,(45,47) (circle symbols) and TEe,(46,47) (square symbols) in the 16-μm-side-length microsquare resonator with a vertex output waveguide.

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    Figure 4

    (Color online) Output powers coupled into MMF (solid line) and SMF (dash line), and applied voltage (dash dot line) versus the CW injection current, and (b) lasing spectra at the injection currents of 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 mA.

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    Figure 5

    (Color online) Emission power distributions along the (a) y and (b) z directions near the cleaved facet at 35 and 40 mA measured with the SMF.

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    Figure 6

    (Color online) Lasing spectrum at the injection current of 24 mA and calculated mode wavelengths based on the light ray analysis.

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    Figure 7

    (Color online) Small-signal modulation responses of the microsquare laser at the bias currents of 16, 24 and 34 mA. The solid lines are fitted curves using eq. (3).

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    Figure 8

    (Color online) (a) Resonant frequency versus the square root of the bias current minus the threshold, and (b) damping factor versus the squared resonant frequency.

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