The research and development of novel high-efficient devices used
for thermal energy conversion of low-temperature heat source (blow
230°C) is of great significance for energy saving. Single screw
expander is a novel expander with a lot of advantages, such as a good
axial and redial force balance, a long working life which is twice
of double screw, a high pressure ratio which is up to 15 for single
stage, a highest volumetric efficiency which can reach 92%, 4% higher
than that of double screw, a relatively high efficiency under part
load condition, a simple structure, a lowest noise which is 10dB lower
than the double screw, and an oil free lubrication. In this paper,
an experimental system used for testing the performance of a single
screw expander whose diameter is 117 mm was designed and established.
The number of screw head is 6 and the number of star wheel teeth is
11. The compressed air and the water steam were used as the working
fluid to experimentally study the dynamic characteristics of single
screw expander. In the experiment, the inlet temperature, the outlet
temperature, the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure, the flow rate
of the working fluid, the torque, the speed, and the power of the
single screw expander were measured. When compressed air was used
as the working fluid, the valve is fully open and the outlet pressure
of the air compressor is set to be 0.75–0.85 MPa. From the
experimental results, it can be seen that the single screw expander
has an optimal power output working condition when the speed is about
2500–3500 r/min, and an optimal temperature drop working condition
when the speed is about 2180–2700 r/min. The maximum torque
was 4.4 kW when the speed of expander reached 2700 r/min. The maximum
inlet flow rate was 32.9 m3/h. The initial inlet temperature
of the expander was 22.7°C, and the final inlet temperature is
28.7°C. The variation of the inlet temperature is due to the
inadequate heat dissipation caused by the long-time running of the
air compressor. The lowest outlet temperature of the single screw
expander reached
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB228306)
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图1
(网络版彩色)单螺杆膨胀机测试平台的流程图
图2
(网络版彩色)单螺杆膨胀机实验系统照片. (a) 测试平台; (b) 单螺杆膨胀机
图3
膨胀机性能参数扭矩和功率(a)、气耗率(b)、温降(c)、效率(d)随转速的变化(空气为工质)
图4
出口压力(a)和膨胀比(b)随转速的变化(空气为工质)
图5
不可逆损失随转速(a)和膨胀比(b)的变化
图6
膨胀机效率随进出口压比的变化
图7
膨胀机总效率随转速变化
图8
膨胀机性能参数随转速的变化(水蒸气为工质). (a) 扭矩和合功率; (b) 气耗率; (c) 效率
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